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La toilette
Maker
1832-1883
Title
La toilette
Date of Production
1860
Medium
red chalk on laid paper, incised and pricked for transfer
Dimensions
Height: 29.1 cm
Width: 20.9 cm
Width: 20.9 cm
Accession Number
D.1948.SC.140
Mode of Acquisition
Samuel Courtauld, bequest, 1948
Credit
The Courtauld, London (Samuel Courtauld Trust)
Copyright
Work in the public domain
Location
Not currently on display
Keywords
Label Text
This rare chalk drawing, executed in preparation of the etching 'La Toilette', is one of a series of studies in which Manet explored the subject of a young woman being surprised at her bath. Sitting on a tub she chastely covers herself with a cloth as she gazes directly at the intruding viewer with an expression of arrest. Whilst the posture of the nude is fully realised - the firm contours being traced for transfer on the copper plate - the figure of a servant in the background is merely indicated, showing that Manet was still experimenting with the composition.
Notes
Manet made the drawing representing La Toilette in preparation for the more elaborately worked etching. The outlines of the central figure in the drawing were incised, allowing the artist to transfer his design on to the surface of the etching plate. In certain places, Manet pressed so hard that his stylus cut through the bather’s contours, splitting the paper. The figure was transferred to the etching plate facing the same direction as the drawing but when printed the image was reversed. The model is probably Suzanne Leenhoff, who modelled frequently for the artist and would later marry him. She sits on a pouf with the indication of a basin at her feet while a loosely drawn servant in the background gathers up clothes. Manet captures a moment when, while bathing or drying herself, neither nude nor fully clothed, she catches the viewer’s eye, which causes her to clutch the fabric to her chest and flash a wary look. Manet’s use of red chalk – a once favoured drawing material that by the mid nineteenth century had become more unusual – and his choice to tackle the time-honoured subject-matter of a bathing nude interrupted in her task reveal his engagement with his artistic predecessors. Unlike depictions of the biblical or mythological bathing figures of Bathsheba, Susanna or Diana, who traditionally avert their gaze, Manet’s figure looks directly out and reacts, emphasising the viewer’s intrusive presence and voyeurism. Manet’s early etchings were often copies after his own paintings, and it has been suggested that this etching may reproduce a painted study, also entitled La Toilette, which is lost today but recorded by Manet’s friend Antonin Proust. In the drawing, the horizontal line across the knees may indicate where Manet once considered cropping the image, but he chose to include the full figure in the etching.
[Entry from The Courtauld Collection: A Vision for Impressionism, exh. cat., Fondation Louis Vuitton, Paris, 2019]
Provenance
Marcel Guiot (Paris); Leicester Galleries (London); purchased there by Samuel Courtauld, London (1876-1947), August 1928 (£225); Courtauld Bequest 1948
Exhibition History
The Courtauld Collection. A Vision for Impressionism, Louis Vuitton Foundation, Paris, 20/02/2019-17/06/2019
Mantegna to Matisse - Master Drawings from The Courtauld Gallery, The Frick Collection, New York, 02/10/2012-27/01/2013
Mantegna to Matisse - Master Drawings from The Courtauld Gallery, The Courtauld Gallery, London, 14/06/2012-09/09/2012 ...More
Special Display - French Drawings of the 19th century, The Courtauld Gallery, London, 08/02/2008-12/06/2008
Defining Modernity - European Drawings 1800 - 1900, J Paul Getty Museum & Los Angeles & California & USA, 05/07/2007-09/09/2007
Edouard Manet, Fuchu Art Museum, Tokyo, Japan, 28/07/2001-10/12/2001
The Courtauld Collection: Masterpieces of Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, 14/06/1998-21/09/1998
The Courtauld Collection, Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, 26/12/1997-12/05/1998
Drawing the Line - Reappraising Drawing Past and Present
(selected by Michael Craig-Martin), Southampton City Art Gallery; Manchester City Art Galleries; Ferens Art Gallery, Hull; Whitechapel Art Gallery, London, 07/07/1995-10/09/1995
Impressionism for England - Samuel Courtauld as Patron and
Collector, The Courtauld Gallery, London, 16/06/1994-25/09/1994
Impressionist, Post-Impressionist and Related Drawings from the
Courtauld Collections, The Courtauld Gallery, London, 11/05/1988-04/09/1988
Impressionist drawings: from British public and private collections, Ashmolean, Oxford; Manchester City Art Gallery; Burrell Collection, Glasgow, 11/03/1986-13/07/1986
The Hidden face of Manet, The Courtauld Gallery, London, 1986
The Impressionists and Post-Impressionists from the Courtauld Collection, Tokyo, 12/01/1984-28/02/1984; Kyoto, 03/03/1984-03/04/1984; Osaka, 12/04/1984-08/05/1984; Australia National Gallery, Canberra, 01/06/1984-06/08/1984
Mantegna to Cezanne - Master Drawings from the Courtauld, British Museum, London, 24/02/1983-19/06/1983
Manet: dessins aquarelles, eaux-fortes, lithographies, correspondence, Galerie Huguette Berès, Paris, 1978
Edouard Manet: das graphische Werk, Villa Schneider, Ingelheim am Rhein, 30/04/1977-05/06/1977
Drawings from the Courtauld, Graves Art Gallery, Sheffield; Wolverhampton Art Gallery; Bolton Museum and Art Gallery; Laing Art Gallery, Newcastle; Ferens Art Gallery, Hull; Portsmouth Museum and Art Gallery, 1977-79
Samuel Courtauld's collection of French 19th century paintings and drawings: a centenary exhibition to commemorate the birth of Samuel Courtauld, Courtauld Institute Galleries, London, 1976
The nude: 19th & 20th century paintings, drawings, sculpture , prints, Morley Gallery, London, 10/04/1975-24/05/1975
Watercolours, drawings and engravings from the Courtauld Collection (no catalogue), Nottingham University, 1969
Drawings and engravings from the Courtauld Collection, The Courtauld Gallery, London, 1966
Drawings and Engravings from the Courtauld Collection, The Courtauld Gallery, London, December 1959-April 1960
Impressionistes de la Collection Courtauld de Londres, Orangerie, Paris, 1955
Manet and his circle, Tate Gallery, London, 1954
Le dessin français de Fouquet à Cézanne, Brussels; Boymans, Rotterdam; Orangerie, Paris, 1949-50
Samuel Courtauld memorial exhibition, Tate Gallery, London, 1948
French Art 1200-1900, Royal Academy, London, 1932 ...Less
Mantegna to Matisse - Master Drawings from The Courtauld Gallery, The Frick Collection, New York, 02/10/2012-27/01/2013
Mantegna to Matisse - Master Drawings from The Courtauld Gallery, The Courtauld Gallery, London, 14/06/2012-09/09/2012 ...More
Special Display - French Drawings of the 19th century, The Courtauld Gallery, London, 08/02/2008-12/06/2008
Defining Modernity - European Drawings 1800 - 1900, J Paul Getty Museum & Los Angeles & California & USA, 05/07/2007-09/09/2007
Edouard Manet, Fuchu Art Museum, Tokyo, Japan, 28/07/2001-10/12/2001
The Courtauld Collection: Masterpieces of Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, 14/06/1998-21/09/1998
The Courtauld Collection, Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, 26/12/1997-12/05/1998
Drawing the Line - Reappraising Drawing Past and Present
(selected by Michael Craig-Martin), Southampton City Art Gallery; Manchester City Art Galleries; Ferens Art Gallery, Hull; Whitechapel Art Gallery, London, 07/07/1995-10/09/1995
Impressionism for England - Samuel Courtauld as Patron and
Collector, The Courtauld Gallery, London, 16/06/1994-25/09/1994
Impressionist, Post-Impressionist and Related Drawings from the
Courtauld Collections, The Courtauld Gallery, London, 11/05/1988-04/09/1988
Impressionist drawings: from British public and private collections, Ashmolean, Oxford; Manchester City Art Gallery; Burrell Collection, Glasgow, 11/03/1986-13/07/1986
The Hidden face of Manet, The Courtauld Gallery, London, 1986
The Impressionists and Post-Impressionists from the Courtauld Collection, Tokyo, 12/01/1984-28/02/1984; Kyoto, 03/03/1984-03/04/1984; Osaka, 12/04/1984-08/05/1984; Australia National Gallery, Canberra, 01/06/1984-06/08/1984
Mantegna to Cezanne - Master Drawings from the Courtauld, British Museum, London, 24/02/1983-19/06/1983
Manet: dessins aquarelles, eaux-fortes, lithographies, correspondence, Galerie Huguette Berès, Paris, 1978
Edouard Manet: das graphische Werk, Villa Schneider, Ingelheim am Rhein, 30/04/1977-05/06/1977
Drawings from the Courtauld, Graves Art Gallery, Sheffield; Wolverhampton Art Gallery; Bolton Museum and Art Gallery; Laing Art Gallery, Newcastle; Ferens Art Gallery, Hull; Portsmouth Museum and Art Gallery, 1977-79
Samuel Courtauld's collection of French 19th century paintings and drawings: a centenary exhibition to commemorate the birth of Samuel Courtauld, Courtauld Institute Galleries, London, 1976
The nude: 19th & 20th century paintings, drawings, sculpture , prints, Morley Gallery, London, 10/04/1975-24/05/1975
Watercolours, drawings and engravings from the Courtauld Collection (no catalogue), Nottingham University, 1969
Drawings and engravings from the Courtauld Collection, The Courtauld Gallery, London, 1966
Drawings and Engravings from the Courtauld Collection, The Courtauld Gallery, London, December 1959-April 1960
Impressionistes de la Collection Courtauld de Londres, Orangerie, Paris, 1955
Manet and his circle, Tate Gallery, London, 1954
Le dessin français de Fouquet à Cézanne, Brussels; Boymans, Rotterdam; Orangerie, Paris, 1949-50
Samuel Courtauld memorial exhibition, Tate Gallery, London, 1948
French Art 1200-1900, Royal Academy, London, 1932 ...Less
Literature
Serres, Karen (ed.), The Courtauld Collection: A Vision for Impressionism, Paul Holberton Publishing 2019
no. 4 on p. 106
illus. p. 107
Mantegna to Matisse - Master Drawings from The Courtauld Gallery, Frick Collection, New York and Courtauld Gallery, London London 2012-2013
no. 51 on pp. 230-32
illus. p. 231
Ligo, Larry L., Manet, Baudelaire and photography, Lewiston, New York 2006
bk. 1, pp. 135-36
illus. 27 ...More
Anderson, Wayne, Manet: the picnic and the prostitute, Boston and Geneva 2005
pp. 16, 20
illus. 12 on p. 16
erroneously as in a private collection
Manet, Complesso del Vittoriano, Rome, 2005-2006 Milan 2005
p. 130 under nos. 11 and 12
Manet en el Prado, Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid, 2003-2004, 2003
p. 211 under no. 48
Meller, Peter, 'Manet in Italy: Some Newly Identified Sources for His Early Sketchbooks' in 'Burlington Magazine', February 2002 - pp. 68-110; 144, 1187
pp. 100, 108
illus. 87 on p. 96
The Courtauld Collection: Masterpieces of Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, Art Gallery of Ontario, 1998
cat. no. 12
illus. p. 32
John House, Impressionism for England: Samuel Courtauld as Patron and Collector, Courtauld Institute Galleries 1994
no. 82 on p. 206
illus. p. 207
Wilson-Bareau, Juliet, Manet by himself. Correspondence and conversation. Pantings, pastels, prints and drawings, Boston 1991
p. 307 under no. 44
Harris, Jean C., Edouard Manet, the graphic work: a catalogue raisonne (rev. ed.), San Francisco 1990
p. 90 under no. 20
Impressionist, Post-Impressionist and Related Drawings from the Courtauld Collections, Courtauld Gallery, London, 1988
cat. no. 26
Impressionist drawings: from British public and private collections, Ashmolean, Oxford; Manchester City Art Gallery; Burrell Collection, Glasgow, 1986
cat. no. 34
p. 19 and no. 34 on p. 88
illus. 32 on p. 59
Wilson-Bareau, Juliet, 'The hidden face of Manet' in 'The Burlington Magazine', Apr. 1986 - pp. i-v, vii-viii, 1-98; 128, 997
p. 34 and no. 13 on p. 91
illus. 38 on p. 34
Christopher Lloyd, Impressionist Drawings, 1986
p.59, 88
illus. p. 32
The Impressionists and Post-Impressionists from the Courtauld Collection, Tokyo, Kyoto, Osaka and Canberra, 1984
cat. no. 51
no. 51 on p. 268 and p. 269 under no. 52 (Japanese cat.); no. 51 on pp. 95-6 and p. 97 under no. 52 (Australian cat.)
Mantegna to Cezanne: Master Drawings from the Courtauld, British Museum, London, 1983
cat. no. 109
illus. 109 on p. 110
Manet 1832-1883, Galeries nationales du Grand Palais, Paris and Metropolitan Museum of Art, New Yrok, 1983, 1983
p. 88 under no. 22, p. 91 under no. 24, p. 92 under no. 25
illus. a on p. 92
Farwell, Beatrice, Manet and the nude: a study in iconography in the Second Empire, New York and London 1981
pp. 201-02
illus. 114 on p. 409
Drawings from the Courtauld, Graves Art Gallery, Sheffield; Wolverhampton Art Gallery; Bolton Museum and Art Gallery; Laing Art Gallery, Newcastle; Ferens Art Gallery, Hull; Ports, 1977-79
cat. no. 34
no. 34 on p. 30
illus. 34 on p. 8
Edouard Manet: das graphische Werk, Villa Schneider, Ingelheim am Rhein, 1977
cat. no. Z/7
no. Z/7 on p. 39
illus. p. 39
Reff, Theodore, 'Review: Denis Rouart and Daniel Wildenstein, Edouard Manet: catalogue raisonné' in 'The Art Bulletin', Dec. 1976 - pp. 632-38; 58, 4
p. 637
wrong date given by R&W, should be 1862
Rouart, Denis and Daniel Wildenstein, Edouard Manet: catalogue raisonné, Lausanne 1975
vol. II, no. 360 on p. 136
illus. 360
dated 1860-61
The nude: 19th & 20th century paintings, drawings, sculpture , prints, Morley Gallery, London, 1975
cat. no. 51
Drawings and engravings from the Courtauld Collection, Courtauld Institute Galleries, London, December 1959-April 1960, 1974 (rev. ed.)
no. 4
Leiris, Alain de, The drawings of Edouard Manet, Berkeley and Los Angeles 1969
pp. 19, 31, 41, 57-59, 63 and no. 185 on p. 108
illus. 218
Leymarie, J., Impressionist drawings from Manet to Renoir, Geneva 1969
pp. 30-31
Drawings and engravings from the Courtauld Collection, Courtauld Institute Galleries, London, 1966
cat. no. 46
no. 46 on p. 12
illus. pl. III
Sérullaz, Maurice, Drawings by the French Masters: French Impressionists, London 1963
pp. 21, 69
Moskowitz, Ira (ed.), Great drawings of all time. Vol. III: French thirteenth century to 1919, New York 1962
no. 793
Mathey, J., Graphisme de Manet: essai de catalogue raisonné des dessins, Paris 1961
vol. I, pp. 14-15 and no. 53 on p. 28
illus. no. 53
Drawings and engravings from the Courtauld Collection, Courtauld Institute Galleries, London, Dec. 1959 - Apr. 1960, 1959-1960
cat. no. 47
no. 47 on p. 14
illus. pl. 3
Impressionistes de la Collection Courtauld de Londres, Orangerie, Paris, 1955
cat. no. 83
illus. pl. 15
Cooper, Douglas, The Courtauld Collection, London 1954
no. 140 on p. 142 and p. 159 under no. 188
illus. p. 77
erroneously labelled fig. 188 on p. 77
Manet and his circle, Tate Gallery, London, 1954
cat. no. 18
no. 18 on p. 13
dated 1862
Le dessin français de Fouquet à Cézanne, Brussels; Boymans, Rotterdam; Orangerie, Paris, 1949-1950
cat. no. 183
Le dessin français au XIXme siècle, Lausanne, 1948, 1948
p. 175
illus. pl. 87
Cooper, Douglas, 'The Courtauld Collection at the Tate Gallery' in 'Burlington Magazine', June 1948 - pp. 156, 170, 173; 90, 543
p. 173
Guerin, Marcel, L'oeuvre grave de Manet, Paris 1944
illus no. 26
Commemorative catalogue of the exhibition of French art, 1200-1900, Royal Academy, London, 1932 London 1933
no. 879
Vasari Society, 2nd series, London 1930; XI
p. 15
illus. pl. 15
Meier-Graefe, Julius, Edouard Manet, Munich 1912
illus. 19 on p. 39
listed as missing ...Less
no. 4 on p. 106
illus. p. 107
Mantegna to Matisse - Master Drawings from The Courtauld Gallery, Frick Collection, New York and Courtauld Gallery, London London 2012-2013
no. 51 on pp. 230-32
illus. p. 231
Ligo, Larry L., Manet, Baudelaire and photography, Lewiston, New York 2006
bk. 1, pp. 135-36
illus. 27 ...More
Anderson, Wayne, Manet: the picnic and the prostitute, Boston and Geneva 2005
pp. 16, 20
illus. 12 on p. 16
erroneously as in a private collection
Manet, Complesso del Vittoriano, Rome, 2005-2006 Milan 2005
p. 130 under nos. 11 and 12
Manet en el Prado, Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid, 2003-2004, 2003
p. 211 under no. 48
Meller, Peter, 'Manet in Italy: Some Newly Identified Sources for His Early Sketchbooks' in 'Burlington Magazine', February 2002 - pp. 68-110; 144, 1187
pp. 100, 108
illus. 87 on p. 96
The Courtauld Collection: Masterpieces of Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, Art Gallery of Ontario, 1998
cat. no. 12
illus. p. 32
John House, Impressionism for England: Samuel Courtauld as Patron and Collector, Courtauld Institute Galleries 1994
no. 82 on p. 206
illus. p. 207
Wilson-Bareau, Juliet, Manet by himself. Correspondence and conversation. Pantings, pastels, prints and drawings, Boston 1991
p. 307 under no. 44
Harris, Jean C., Edouard Manet, the graphic work: a catalogue raisonne (rev. ed.), San Francisco 1990
p. 90 under no. 20
Impressionist, Post-Impressionist and Related Drawings from the Courtauld Collections, Courtauld Gallery, London, 1988
cat. no. 26
Impressionist drawings: from British public and private collections, Ashmolean, Oxford; Manchester City Art Gallery; Burrell Collection, Glasgow, 1986
cat. no. 34
p. 19 and no. 34 on p. 88
illus. 32 on p. 59
Wilson-Bareau, Juliet, 'The hidden face of Manet' in 'The Burlington Magazine', Apr. 1986 - pp. i-v, vii-viii, 1-98; 128, 997
p. 34 and no. 13 on p. 91
illus. 38 on p. 34
Christopher Lloyd, Impressionist Drawings, 1986
p.59, 88
illus. p. 32
The Impressionists and Post-Impressionists from the Courtauld Collection, Tokyo, Kyoto, Osaka and Canberra, 1984
cat. no. 51
no. 51 on p. 268 and p. 269 under no. 52 (Japanese cat.); no. 51 on pp. 95-6 and p. 97 under no. 52 (Australian cat.)
Mantegna to Cezanne: Master Drawings from the Courtauld, British Museum, London, 1983
cat. no. 109
illus. 109 on p. 110
Manet 1832-1883, Galeries nationales du Grand Palais, Paris and Metropolitan Museum of Art, New Yrok, 1983, 1983
p. 88 under no. 22, p. 91 under no. 24, p. 92 under no. 25
illus. a on p. 92
Farwell, Beatrice, Manet and the nude: a study in iconography in the Second Empire, New York and London 1981
pp. 201-02
illus. 114 on p. 409
Drawings from the Courtauld, Graves Art Gallery, Sheffield; Wolverhampton Art Gallery; Bolton Museum and Art Gallery; Laing Art Gallery, Newcastle; Ferens Art Gallery, Hull; Ports, 1977-79
cat. no. 34
no. 34 on p. 30
illus. 34 on p. 8
Edouard Manet: das graphische Werk, Villa Schneider, Ingelheim am Rhein, 1977
cat. no. Z/7
no. Z/7 on p. 39
illus. p. 39
Reff, Theodore, 'Review: Denis Rouart and Daniel Wildenstein, Edouard Manet: catalogue raisonné' in 'The Art Bulletin', Dec. 1976 - pp. 632-38; 58, 4
p. 637
wrong date given by R&W, should be 1862
Rouart, Denis and Daniel Wildenstein, Edouard Manet: catalogue raisonné, Lausanne 1975
vol. II, no. 360 on p. 136
illus. 360
dated 1860-61
The nude: 19th & 20th century paintings, drawings, sculpture , prints, Morley Gallery, London, 1975
cat. no. 51
Drawings and engravings from the Courtauld Collection, Courtauld Institute Galleries, London, December 1959-April 1960, 1974 (rev. ed.)
no. 4
Leiris, Alain de, The drawings of Edouard Manet, Berkeley and Los Angeles 1969
pp. 19, 31, 41, 57-59, 63 and no. 185 on p. 108
illus. 218
Leymarie, J., Impressionist drawings from Manet to Renoir, Geneva 1969
pp. 30-31
Drawings and engravings from the Courtauld Collection, Courtauld Institute Galleries, London, 1966
cat. no. 46
no. 46 on p. 12
illus. pl. III
Sérullaz, Maurice, Drawings by the French Masters: French Impressionists, London 1963
pp. 21, 69
Moskowitz, Ira (ed.), Great drawings of all time. Vol. III: French thirteenth century to 1919, New York 1962
no. 793
Mathey, J., Graphisme de Manet: essai de catalogue raisonné des dessins, Paris 1961
vol. I, pp. 14-15 and no. 53 on p. 28
illus. no. 53
Drawings and engravings from the Courtauld Collection, Courtauld Institute Galleries, London, Dec. 1959 - Apr. 1960, 1959-1960
cat. no. 47
no. 47 on p. 14
illus. pl. 3
Impressionistes de la Collection Courtauld de Londres, Orangerie, Paris, 1955
cat. no. 83
illus. pl. 15
Cooper, Douglas, The Courtauld Collection, London 1954
no. 140 on p. 142 and p. 159 under no. 188
illus. p. 77
erroneously labelled fig. 188 on p. 77
Manet and his circle, Tate Gallery, London, 1954
cat. no. 18
no. 18 on p. 13
dated 1862
Le dessin français de Fouquet à Cézanne, Brussels; Boymans, Rotterdam; Orangerie, Paris, 1949-1950
cat. no. 183
Le dessin français au XIXme siècle, Lausanne, 1948, 1948
p. 175
illus. pl. 87
Cooper, Douglas, 'The Courtauld Collection at the Tate Gallery' in 'Burlington Magazine', June 1948 - pp. 156, 170, 173; 90, 543
p. 173
Guerin, Marcel, L'oeuvre grave de Manet, Paris 1944
illus no. 26
Commemorative catalogue of the exhibition of French art, 1200-1900, Royal Academy, London, 1932 London 1933
no. 879
Vasari Society, 2nd series, London 1930; XI
p. 15
illus. pl. 15
Meier-Graefe, Julius, Edouard Manet, Munich 1912
illus. 19 on p. 39
listed as missing ...Less
Inscriptions
Watermark: Verso: upper right corner: "N F".
Inscription: Verso: lower centre edge, graphite: "13 large".
Collector's mark: none.
Inscription: Verso: lower centre edge, graphite: "13 large".
Collector's mark: none.
Information on this object may be incomplete and will be updated as research progresses. We are particularly committed to addressing any discriminatory or offensive language and ideas that might be present in our records. To help improve this record, and to enquire about images of The Courtauld Gallery Collection, please email gallery.collectionsonline@courtauld.ac.uk. Find out more about using and licensing our images.
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